Although some
foundations and other funding agencies give money to individuals, many
funders state in their guidelines that they will only fund projects which are administered by non-profit
corporations which are exempt from federal taxes under Internal Revenue Code
Section 501(c)(3).
The reason for this requirement
is that the Internal Revenue Service determines which charitable
contributions are tax-deductible. Most donors prefer to give to
corporations that have been granted tax-exempt status under Internal Revenue
Code Section 501(c)(3), because then the donors can be certain that they
will be able to take a charitable deduction for their gifts on their federal
income taxes.
If you have a project
that fits a foundation's guidelines, but you do not have your own non-profit
corporation, do not give up hope. You may still be able to apply for these
restricted grants if you can find a non-profit organization that is willing to serve as a "fiscal sponsor" for your project.
What Is A Fiscal Sponsor?
A "fiscal sponsor" is a tax-exempt corporation that agrees to receive and
disburse the funds for your project. There are many organizations that offer
this service sometimes schools, arts organizations, or other local community
groups will sponsor your projects.
How Do Fiscal
Sponsorships Work?
First, you and the
sponsor need to sign a letter of agreement about the terms of the
sponsorship. Since the donors will be making their checks out to the fiscal
sponsor, you need to be certain that you have a written promise from the
sponsor that they will give you the funds that are donated for your project.
You also need to fully understand any fees or commissions that the sponsor
plans to charge.
The sponsor will want
a promise from you that you will not do anything that will jeopardize their
501(c) (3) status. This means that your project must be "organized and
operated for charitable purposes" (i.e. not a for-profit venture). You are
allowed to earn a fair salary for your work on the project, but investors
are not allowed to make a profit from the project. Also, there are
limitations on lobbying activities, and non-profit corporations are not
allowed to participate in political campaigns for individuals.
Once the sponsorship
agreement is in place, the donors can make their checks out to the fiscal
sponsor. The sponsor deposits the checks and issues thank-you letters to
the donors for their tax records. As the project moves forward, the sponsor
reimburses the artists for expenses, maintains the books, and prepares any
needed tax forms. Usually the sponsor deducts a small percentage of the
total donations as a service charge for handling the sponsorship. Sometimes
there are additional fees to set up the sponsorship.
The important thing
to remember is that the sponsoring organization becomes legally and
financially responsible for your project when they agree to sponsor you.
Although it does not have to be difficult or complicated, a sponsorship is a
legal relationship that needs to be taken seriously by everyone involved.
Most sponsors will ask you to file periodic progress reports, and it is
extremely important to have clear and open communication. It is usually more
convenient to select a sponsoring organization that is geographically close
to you.
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reserved.